Ionic Equilibrium

STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 14 – Final)

8 April 2011

Buffering agents and buffer solutions are present in many different systems. It can appear in the field of agriculture as Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) to reduce nitrogen loss in fertiliser while prividing source of potassium while avoiding pH fluctuations. Your daily shampoo are also buffered to act on soap’s alkalinity. You won’t want either to be [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 13)

6 April 2011

Buffer solutions prevents pH changes of a system. This is clear from the previous part, Part 12 of Berry Berry Easy‘s notes for STPM Chemistry on Ionic Equilibrium. Do you know that, you can also create buffers? This Part 13 is focused on the make up of a buffer. typically buffers are made by mixing [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 12)

3 April 2011

Buffering agents are chemicals that adjusts or maintain the pH values of a solution within the narrow limits (prevent change in pH) by absorbing or releasing hydrogen ions. Buffering agents then form the main components of a buffer solution, which also maintains the pH of solutions in order to resist any changes made to pH level. [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 11)

2 April 2011

pH indicators or acid-base indicators are typically weak acids or weak bases.  Linking to the previous part, the indicators is commonly used in titrations during experiments involving analytic chemistry (typically to judge the extent of a chemical reaction). Indicators does not change colours at any specific hydrogen ion concentration, but over a range of hydrogen [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 10)

25 March 2011

Titration curve is something fearful to nearly half of all STPM Chemistry students. Despite the simplicity of the concept, its concept is something which many Berry Readers will fail to grasp at first try. But fear not, this post, Part 10 of Berry Berry Easy’s notes on Ionic Equilibrium for STPM Chemistry Form 6 will [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 9)

23 March 2011

Conjugate pairs in chemistry is one of the simplest but most baffling concepts in Form 6 chemistry. Due to the way Brønsted-Lowry defined acids and bases, we have a phenomena between acids and bases where acid can donate a proton, thereafter the remaining chemical is then considered as a base. Confusing? Be confused no further [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 8)

22 March 2011

Ionic product of water, Kw is an equilibrium constant for reactions. Part 8 of Berry Berry Easy’s notes on Ionic Equilibrium for STPM Chemistry Form 6 is fully about ionic product of water. It should be noted that the relationship between Kw and pKw is exactly the same as that between Ka and pKa. Hence, [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 7)

21 March 2011

Linking heavily to Berry Berry Easy’s Part 5 and Part 6 notes on Ionic Equilibrium for STPM Form 6 Chemistry students, this Part 7 will be the post to link up everything regarding the strength of reagents. While part 5 focuses on acid and part 6 focuses on base, this part is all about the [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 6)

3 March 2011

Continuing on the determination of reagent strength, in this Part 6 of Ionic Equilibrium for STPM Chemistry Form 6 (Kimia Tingkatan 6) from Berry Berry Easy, Berry Readers will learn about reagent strengths in terms of bases such as strong bases, weak bases and very weak bases. This post should not be read in isolation [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 5)

26 February 2011

As promised, a relatively easy post this time on Part 5 of Ionic Equilibrium for STPM Chemistry Form 6 (Kimia Tingkatan 6) from Berry Berry Easy. In this part, you’ll learn all about the determination of reagent strength in terms of acids or bases such as strong acids, weak acids and very weak acids. While this [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 4)

20 February 2011

In our previous post, Berry Readers were treated to a feast of three chemistry theories namely the Arrhenius Theory, Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory, Lewis Theory. In this Part 4 of Ionic Equilibrium for STPM Chemistry Form 6 (Kimia Tingkatan 6) from Berry Berry Easy, you’ll also be treated again to three concepts which are the water-based [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 3)

16 February 2011

Three Theories for Chemistry: Arrhenius Theory, Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory, Lewis Theory will keep us company in Part 3 of Ionic Equilibrium for STPM Chemistry Form 6 (Kimia Tingkatan 6) from Berry Berry Easy. In the first two parts, you were introduced to ‘common strong and weak acids and bases’ and also the Ostwald Dilution Law. [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 2)

14 February 2011

Now that you have been introduced to Ionic Equilibrium from the previous part of Berry Berry Easy’s STPM Form 6 (Tingkatan 6) concise study notes on Ionic Equilibrium, it is time to move on to the next part, Part 2. In Part 1, you learned all about the Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory, strong and weak acids [...]

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STPM Chemistry Form 6 Notes – Ionic Equilibrium (Part 1)

9 February 2011

The general concept of ionic equilibrium revolves around the tendency of acid to donate a proton to other substances and base to accept a proton to other substance, or simply acid being a proton donor and base being a proton acceptor. This brings us to Part 1 in the long series of notes on Ionic [...]

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